Graduated from Singapore University with a Bachelor's degree in Science majoring in Physics.

Employed as a Scientific Officer at the Radio and Space Research Station of the Science Research Council, United Kingdom. Became a member of the research team collecting experimental data for research of the ionosphere and operating the telemetry and recording equipment for the satellite ground station of the UK 1 research satellite.

Became Associate Member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, UK.

Enlisted on a short service commission as Captain in the Singapore Armed Forces to head a two man Test & Evaluation Section in the Logistics Division, Ministry of Defence.

Prepared specifications for procurement and conducted acceptance tests of all stores, weapons and ammunition.

Prepared the first acceptance procedure for 5.56mm ammunition produced by the newly established Chartered Industries of Singapore.

Convinced Director Logistics Division to establish Technical Department with 30 engineers to perform the technical functions for the acquisition of equipment and maintenance engineering for the SAF.

Appointed the first Head Technical Department and became Project Director for the first development project for the SAF, the V-200 Armor Fighting Vehicle.

Led a team to Switzerland and Holland to evaluate low level air defence weapon systems and recommended the acquisition of Oerlikon 35mm Anti-aircraft guns and Contraves fire control equipment to equip the air defence battalions of the SAF.

Spent January in Cadillac Gage, Warren, Michigan planning and designing the installation of On-Vehicle-Equipment on seven prototype variants of the V-200 AFV.

Developed Developmental & Operational Test and Evaluation plans for acceptance tests in Singapore beginning in October 69.

Began the DT&E and OT&E for V-200.

Developed and implemented the Integrated Logistics Support Plan for V-200

Led a team to US, UK, Israel and Sweden to evaluate 155 mm artillery and target acquisition equipment for the SAF.

Posted to the Office of 2nd Permanent Secretary to be his deputy to set-up the Science and Management Group to conceptualize, plan and implement projects that were considered by the Minister to be critical for the SAF.

Established a company, Singapore Automotive Engineering, to provide depot level maintenance support for V-200 AFVs.

Received the first postgraduate fellowship for SAF officers.

Graduated with a Master's degree in Operations Research and Systems Analysis from NPS.

Appointed acting Director, Logistics Division, Ministry of Defence

Appointed as Special Projects Director to conceptualize, plan and implement large-scale systems for the SAF, for example, Singapore Integrated C3I System (SC3IS), Integrated Air Defence System (IADS), the development of operational airbases and the storage of the ammunition stockpile.

Managed the introduction of A-4 Skyhawks into RSAF.

Managed the acquisition of M113 Armoured Fighting Vehicles.

Developed a "Conception to Retirement" Life Cycle Management methodology for these projects. This methodology was subsequently codified into the MINDEF Life Cycle Management (LCM) manual.

Completed planning for the IADS.

Obtained approval to implement IADS. Contracts were negotiated and let for the components of IADS.

Completed master planning for the development of our major airbases.

Promoted to the rank of Colonel.

Obtained approval of the Government to double the size Tengah Airbase and Paya Lebar Airport to develop them into operational fighter airbases.

Obtained approval to develop two major ammunition depots for the SAF.

Established Special Projects Organization (SPO) with 5 Divisions and 100 professional staff became its first Director.

Appointed Director of the Board of Directors of Singapore Electronic & Engineering and subsequently the chairman of the board in 1984.

Directed the planning and implementation of the Singapore Air Defence Artillery and participated in the Test & Evaluation programmes, doctrine development, training and missile live firing activities.

Led SPO in the acquisition management of large-scale projects for the SAF and in the systems integration of these systems into the SAF.

Steered the project team for the acquisition of a squadron of 4 units of E2-C AEW aircraft.

Appointed Director of the Board of Directors of Singapore Aircraft Industries.

Founded Chartered Engineering Pte Ltd, a consulting company to design and supervise the construction of protected operational facilities and became its first chairman.

Began building relations with FMV, the Swedish defence acquisition agency and was a member the delegation led by 2nd Permanent Secretary, Philip Yeo to make our first official call on the Swedish Ministry of Defence.

Proposed to the Government the use of underground Mass Rapid Transport stations as Civil Defence shelters and to initiate a pilot programme for construction of Civil Defence Shelters in flats build by HDB.

Started the Operations Analysis Branch in Joint Operations & Plans Directorate and was its first head, concurrent to his appointment as Director Special Projects Organization.

Organized first courses in technology by NPS professors.

Organized first visit of Provost of NPS, David Schrady, to begin the conversation on collaboration between NPS and Singapore.

Appointed acting Director Joint Operations and Plans to succeed BG Lee Hsien Loong.

Held this appointment concurrently with the appointment of Director Special Projects Organization.

Participated in the project to acquire F-16A/B.

Directed command post exercises as Exercise Director.

Initiated Operational Tests & Evaluation of RSAF ground attack capability.

Proposed the commercialization of the RASF Central Missile Support Base to improve its productivity.

Retired from the SAF and became a civilian Public Officer in MINDEF.

Amalgamated Special Projects Organization and Material Management Organization into the Defence Material Organization and became its first Senior Director.

Appointed concurrently to the newly created post of Chief Defence Scientist.

Established the Operations Analysis Department and the Defence Technology Department in the Chief Defence Scientist Office.

Founded Singapore Engineering Software Pte Ltd a joint venture between Ericsson Microwave Systems and Singapore Electronic and Engineering and became its first chairman.

Co-chaired the Steering Committee supervising the planning and the development of Tuas Naval Base and the steering committees for the development of operational facilities in three airbases.

Co-chaired the Explosives Safety Committee(Singapore), an inter-ministry committee to provide advice to the Government on all matters relating to manufacture, storage and transportation of explosives in Singapore.

Led a team to review the technician requirements, recruitment, retention, training and deployment and recommended changes that improved the experience profile of the RSAF technician force.

Elected Fellow Institution of Electrical Engineers, UK.

Elected Chartered Electrical Engineer by the UK Engineering Council.
Appointed member of the Science Research Council of Singapore.

Appointed Adjunct Professor in the Industrial & Systems Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, NUS to develop and teach a module which was subsequently named "Large Scale Systems Engineering" for the Masters degree in Industrial & Systems Engineering.

Led a committee to review all the activities related to flight safety in RSAF.

Became a member of the Electronic Road Pricing Committee.

Co-chaired a committee to review the Civil Defence Shelter Programme and recommended legislation requiring all new built residents be provided with Civil Defence Shelters.

Co-chaired the steering committee for the planning and development of Changi Naval Base.

Chaired a committee to plan and implement a project to develop rock caverns for the storage of ammunition stockpile for the SAF.

Appointed member of the Management Board of the Centre of Remote sensing Image & Signal Processing (CRISP) of National University of Singapore.

Appointed Chairman Board of Governors of the Defence Medical Research Institute.
Appointed member of the Board Chartered Industries of Singapore.

Led a delegation to explore collaboration with DoD labs, NRL, Naval Systems Commands and Warfare Centres, AFRL and SANDIA National Lab Initiated Operations Test & Evaluation programme in the SAF.

Awarded The Commander of the Royal Order of the Polar Star, by the King of Sweden for contribution in building up relationship between the two countries.

Attended the Advanced Management Program, Harvard Business School.

Became a member of the PSA steering committee for the development of the world's first automatic shipping container terminal at Pasir Panjang.

Appointed by NUS to be Chairman of Tropical Marine Science Institute to set-up the institute and to develop research facilities at St. John's Island.

Developed and conducted the Defence Management Systems Course.

Directed a study into the needs for postgraduate education for warfighters. The recommendations were accepted and all the five programmes recommended had since been implemented.

Appointed to the Board of Singapore Technologies Engineering and chaired the R&D board committee.

Appointed member of the Land Transport Authority Board.

Appointed member of the Management Boards of the Institute of Systems Science and the Information Technology Institute.

Appointed Chairman DSO Laboratories

Assisted NPS to start the first Systems Engineering and Integration Curriculum and taught classes on force structure architect.

Assisted the development of the postgraduate diploma Defence Technology and Systems course at NUS and taught classes.

Chaired the International Advisory Panel of DSO National Laboratories.

Appointed Chairman, Temasek Laboratories, National University of Singapore .

Appointed Chairman, Singapore Technologies Dynamics, a start-up company to develop missiles and Unmanned Air Vehicles.

Delivered the conference luncheon speech at the New York Academy of Sciences Conference "Moving People, Goods and Information in the 21st Century".

Chaired the Asia Pacific Operations Research Societies 2000 conference.

Delivered a presentation on Singapore's experience with and plans for UAVs at the Second European UAV workshop at Kiruna Sweden.

Conferred Honorary Fellow Operations Research Society of Singapore.

Appointed member of the Board of Defence Science and Technology Agency.

Participated in Highlands Forum XVI. Highlands Forum is an informal, cross-disciplinary group sponsored by the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Command, Control Communications and Intelligence) with a common interest in the information revolution and its impact on global and societal activities.

Appointed member of the International Advisory Board of SAAB AB, Sweden.

Participated in the negotiation for the acquisition of a satellite ground station for National University of Singapore with Space Imaging for the reception of 1m resolution images from the Ikonos satellite.

Appointed Chairman JTC Consultants, a newly established consulting company with 400 staff.

Conceptualized Temasek Defence Systems Institute, a strategic alliance of NUS and NPS.

Participated in Highlands Forum XVII.

Co-authored a paper in the Journal of Urban Technology/April 2001 titled "Building Integrated Large-Scale Urban Infrastructures: Singapore's Experience.

Co-authored a chapter "Moving People, Goods, and Information in Singapore - The Sea Approach" in a to be published book "Moving People, Goods and Information in the 21st Century".

Selected to be the inaugural winner of the Teaching Excellence Award 2000/2001 for Adjunct Faculty in the Faculty of Engineering.